Corneal infections, also known as microbial keratitis, occur when the cornea—the clear front part of the eye—becomes infected by bacteria, viruses, fungi, or parasites. This can lead to inflammation, pain, and vision problems.

Common Causes:

• Bacterial Infection: Often related to contact lens use, scratches, or injuries to the eye.
• Viral Infection: Typically caused by viruses like herpes simplex virus.
• Fungal Infection: Can occur after injuries involving plant material or in people with compromised immune systems.
• Parasitic Infection: Acanthamoeba keratitis is a notable example, often associated with improper contact lens hygiene.

Symptoms:

• Redness in the eye
• Pain or discomfort
• Blurred vision
• Sensitivity to light
• Excessive tearing or discharge

Diagnosis and Treatment:

Diagnosis usually involves an eye examination and possibly cultures to identify the causative organism. Treatment varies based on the type of infection but may include:

• Antibiotic or antiviral eye drops
• Antifungal medications
• Pain management
• In severe cases, surgical intervention may be necessary.

Prevention:

• Proper contact lens hygiene
• Avoiding eye injuries
• Regular eye exams, especially if you have underlying conditions that may increase the risk.

If you suspect a corneal infection, it’s important to seek medical attention promptly to prevent complications, including vision loss.